It is essential to consider the assumptions and other motivations that underlie particular applications of valuation techniques. For sound accounting purposes, some valuation assumptions may sometimes reflect conservative assumptions and estimates of the value of assets reflected in a company’s balance sheet. This inherent conservatism can lead to definitions that are too narrow for transfer pricing purposes and valuation approaches that are not necessarily consistent with the arm’s length principle. Caution should therefore be exercised in accepting valuations performed for accounting purposes as necessarily reflecting arm’s length prices or values for transfer pricing purposes without a thorough examination of the underlying assumptions. In particular, valuations of intangibles contained in purchase price allocations performed for accounting purposes are not determinative for transfer pricing purposes and should be utilised in a transfer pricing analysis with caution and careful consideration of the underlying assumptions.
TPG2022 Chapter VI paragraph 6.155
Category: D. Determining arm’s length conditions in cases involving intangibles | Tag: Accounting valuation, Conservative estimates, Discounted Cash Flow (DCF), Intangibles, Purchase Price Allocation (PPA), Valuation, Valuation method, Valuation technique
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- TPG2022 Chapter II paragraph 2.175For instance, where an asset-based profit splitting factor is used, it may be based on data extracted from the balance sheets of the parties to the transaction. It will often be the case that not all the assets of the taxpayers relate to...
- TPG2022 Chapter VI paragraph 6.165The length of time covered by the projections should also be considered in evaluating the reliability of the projections. The further into the future the intangible in question can be expected to produce positive cash flows, the less reliable projections of income and...
- TPG2022 Chapter VI paragraph 6.154Where valuation techniques are utilised in a transfer pricing analysis involving the transfer of intangibles or rights in intangibles, it is necessary to apply such techniques in a manner that is consistent with the arm’s length principle and the principles of these Guidelines....
- TPG2022 Chapter VI paragraph 6.153In situations where reliable comparable uncontrolled transactions for a transfer of one or more intangibles cannot be identified, it may also be possible to use valuation techniques to estimate the arm’s length price for intangibles transferred between associated enterprises. In particular, the application...
- TPG2022 Chapter VI Annex I example 28101. Company A is the Parent company of an MNE group with operations in country S. Company B is a member of the MNE group with operations in country T, and Company C is also a member of the MNE group with operations...
- TPG2022 Chapter VI Annex I example 2797. Company A is the Parent of an MNE group with operations in country X. Company A owns patents, trademarks and know-how with regard to several products produced and sold by the MNE group. Company B is a wholly owned subsidiary of Company...
- Report on the Application of Economic Valuation Techniques (2017)The Study on the Application of Economic Valuation Techniques for Determining Transfer Prices of Cross Border Transactions between Members of Multinational Enterprise Groups in the EU provides an overview on how valuation techniques can practically and most efficiently be used for transfer pricing...
Related Case Law
- Portugal vs “B Restructuring LDA”, February 2021, CAAD, Case No 255/2020-TB Restructuring LDA was a distributor within the E group. During FY 2014-2016 a number of manufacturing entities within the group terminated distribution agreements with B Restructuring LDA and subsequently entered into new Distribution Agreements, under similar terms, with another company of the...
- Bulgaria vs KEY END ES ENERGY, April 2020, Supreme Administrative Court, Case No 4972Key End Es Energy concluded a share purchase and sale agreement of 20.12.2012 with a related party LUKERG BULGARIA GmbH, under which KEY END EU ENERGY transferred to its parent company LUKERG BULGARIA GmbH the ownership of the shares in eight subsidiaries. The...
- Denmark vs “IP ApS”, March 2023, Tax Tribunal, Case No. SKM2023.135.LSRThe case concerned the valuation of intangible assets transferred from a Danish company to an affiliated foreign company. The Tax Tribunal basically agreed with the valuation of the expert appraisers according to the DCF model, but corrected the assumptions with regard to revenue...
- Portugal vs C… – Sociedade de Investimentos Imobiliários, S.A., November 2023, Tribunal Central Administrativo Sul, Case 541/02.5 BTLRSThe tax authorities had issued an assessment in which the value of shares transfered between related parties had been adjusted by application of the arm’s length principle. The assessment was appealed to the Administrative Court, which upheld the assessment. An appeal was then...
- Finland vs. Corp. February 2014, Supreme Administrative Court, KHO:2014:33A Ltd, which belonged to the Norwegian X Group, owned the entire share capital of B Ltd and had on 18.5.2004 sold it to a Norwegian company in the same group. The Norwegian company had the same day transferred the shares back on...